Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics

Description

Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics covers the proceedings of the 24th Yamada Conference on Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics, held from August 29 to September 2, 1989 at Hotel Mount Fuji near Lake Yamanaka on the outskirts of Tokyo. The book focuses on the reactions, technologies, interactions, and transformations of charged particles.
The selection first offers information on phase transitions in dense astrophysical plasmas and plasma thermodynamics and the evolution of brown dwarfs and planets, as well as solidification of dense astrophysical plasmas, evolution of brown dwarfs, and structure of Jupiter. The text then examines the discovery of low mass objects in Taurus and topics in X-ray astronomy from observations with GINGA.
The publication ponders on proton abundance in hot neutron star matter; thermonuclear reaction rates of dense carbon-oxygen mixtures in white dwarfs; and quantum simulation of superconductivity. The text also examines dynamic simulation of mixed quantum-classical systems and Monte-Carlo simulations for the surface properties of the strongly coupled one-component plasma.
The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in strongly coupled plasma physics.

Front Cover 2
Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics 3
Copyright Page 4
PREFACE 5
LIST OF COMMITTEES 7
OPENING ADDRESS 9
WELCOME ADDRESS 11
YAMADA SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND THE SCOPE OF YAMADA CONFERENCES 13
EXECUTIVE MEMBERS OF YAMADA SCIENCE FOUNDATION 14
Table of Contents 15
Part I: Astrophysics 25
- CHAPTER 1. PHASE TRANSITIONS IN DENSE ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS 27
  - 1. INTRODUCTION 27
  - 2. SOLIDIFICATION OF DENSE ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS 28
  - 3. FREEZING OF C/0 WHITE DWARFS AND THE AGE OF THE GALAXY 30

Front Cover 2
Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics 3
Copyright Page 4
PREFACE 5
LIST OF COMMITTEES 7
OPENING ADDRESS 9
WELCOME ADDRESS 11
YAMADA SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND THE SCOPE OF YAMADA CONFERENCES 13
EXECUTIVE MEMBERS OF YAMADA SCIENCE FOUNDATION 14
Table of Contents 15
Part I: Astrophysics 25
- CHAPTER 1. PHASE TRANSITIONS IN DENSE ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS 27
  - 1. INTRODUCTION 27
  - 2. SOLIDIFICATION OF DENSE ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS 28
  - 3. FREEZING OF C/0 WHITE DWARFS AND THE AGE OF THE GALAXY 30
  - 4. THE POSSIBILITY OF Fe/H PHASE SEPARATION IN LOW MASS STARS 31
  - 5. H/He PHASE SEPARATION IN GIANT PLANETS 33
  - 6. THE METALLIZATION OF H 34
  - 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 38
  - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 38
  - REFERENCES 39
- CHAPTER 2. PLASMA THERMODYNAMICS AND THE EVOLUTION OF BROWN DWARFS AND PLANETS 45
  - 1. INTRODUCTION 45
  - 2. EVOLUTION OF BROWN DWARFS 46
  - 3. STRUCTURE OF JUPITER 52
  - 4. CONCLUSIONS 54
  - ACKNOWLEDGMENT 55
  - REFERENCES 55
- CHAPTER 3. DISCOVERY OF LOW MASS OBJECTS IN TAURUS 57
  - I. INTRODUCTION 57
  - II. OBSERVATIONS 58
  - III. DISCUSSION 61
  - IV. CONCLUSIONS 65
  - REFERENCES 66
- CHAPTER 4. TOPICS IN X-RAY ASTRONOMY FROM OBSERVATIONS WITH GINGA 67
  - 1. INTRODUCTION 67
  - 2. THIN HOT PLASMAS IN ASTROPHYSICS 70
  - 3. SELF-SIMILAR VARIABILITY IN COMPACT X-RAY SOURCES 73
  - ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 77
  - References 78
- CHAPTER 5. PROTON ABUNDANCE IN HOT NEUTRON STAR MATTER 79
  - 2. APPROACH 79
  - 1. INTRODUCTION 79
  - 3. NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 80
  - ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 82
  - REFERENCES 82
  - 4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 82
- CHAPTER 6. THERMONUCLEAR REACTION RATES OF DENSE CARBON-OXYGEN MIXTURES IN WHITE DWARFS 83
  - REFERENCES 86
- Part II:Computer Simulations of Quantum and Classical Many-Body Systems 87
  - CHAPTER 7. QUANTUM MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF HYDROGEN PLASMAS 89
    - 1 INTRODUCTION 89
    - 2 THE PATH-INTEGRAL ALGORITHM 90
    - 3 TWO ELECTRONS AND TWO PROTONS 91
    - 4 EIGHT ELECTRONS AND EIGHT PROTONS 100
    - ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 103
    - 5 CONCLUSIONS 103
    - References 104
  - CHAPTER 8. QUANTUM SIMULATION OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 105
    - 1. Introduction 105
    - 2. Hubbard Model 106
    - 3. Extension of the Hubbard Model 107
    - 4. Strong Coupling Hamiltonians 109
    - 5. On the Fractional Statistics 111
    - 6. Summary and Future Problems 113
    - References 113
  - CHAPTER 9. DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF MIXED QUANTUM-CLASSICALSYSTEMS 117
    - 1. INTRODUCTION 117
    - 2. QUANTUM MOLECULAR DYNAMICS METHOD 118
    - 3. AN EXCESS ELECTRON IN A DENSE HELIUM GAS 119
    - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 123
    - REFERENCES 123
  - CHAPTER 10. MONTE CARLO SIMULATION STUDY OF DENSE PLASMAS: FREEZING, TRANSPORT AND NUCLEAR REACTION 125
    - 1. INTRODUCTION 125
    - 2. FREEZING TRANSITION 126
    - 3. CONDUCTIVITIES 133
    - 4. RATES OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS 133
    - 5. MULTI-COMPONENT PLASMAS 136
    - REFERENCES 136
  - CHAPTER 11. STATIC AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CONFINED, COLD ION PLASMAS: MD SIMULATIONS 137
    - DYNAMIC EFFECTS 141
    - REFERENCES 148
  - CHAPTER 12. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY OF RAPIDLY QUENCHED OCP 149
    - 1. INTRODUCTION 149
    - 2. MD SIMULATION OF RAPID-QUENCHING PROCESS 149
    - 3. TOPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHORT-RANGE ORDER IN THE QUENCHED STAT 151
    - REFERENCES 152
  - CHAPTER 13. MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS FOR THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF THE STRONGLY COUPLED ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA 153
    - 1. INTRODUCTION 153
    - 2. SYSTEM AND METHOD 153
    - 3. RESULTS 154
    - 4. DISCUSSION 156
    - REFERENCES 156
  - Part III: Glass and Freezing Transitions 157
    - CHAPTER 14. FREEZING OF COULOMB LIQUIDS 159
      - 1. INTRODUCTION 159
      - 2. FREEZING OF JELLIUM 160
      - 3. BOND PARTICLE MODEL FOR SEMICONDUCTORS 162
      - 4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 166
      - ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 167
      - REFERENCES 167
    - CHAPTER 15. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY OF QUANTUM WIGNER CRYSTALLIZATION 169
      - 1. INTRODUCTION 169
      - 2. DWT FOR JELLIUM 169
      - 3. LOCAL FIELD FACTOR AND FREEZING OF JELLIUM 171
      - ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 172
      - REFERENCES 172
      - 4. CONCLUSIONS 172
    - CHAPTER 16. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDIES OF GLASSY STATES: SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS AND AMORPHIZED SOLIDS 173
      - 1. INTRODUCTION 173
      - 2. A DYNAMICAL TRANSITION IN METASTABLE FLUIDS 174
      - 3. DEFECT-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION 179
      - 4. DISCUSSION 182
      - REFERENCES 183
      - ACKNOWLEDGMENT 183
    - CHAPTER 17. STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS OF ATOMS NEAR A GLASS TRANSITION POINT 187
      - REFERENCES 190
    - CHAPTER 18. MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS STUDY OF BINARY ALLOYS: DYNAMICAL CORRELATIONS OF THE SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS NEAR THE GLASS TRANSITI 191
      - 1. INTRODUCTION 191
      - 2. MODEL AND MD SIMULATIONS 191
      - 3. RESULTS 192
      - REFERENCES 194
      - ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 194
    - CHAPTER 19. EFFECT OF THE QUANTUM ELECTRONS TO FORMATION OF A CRYSTALLINE ORDER IN ALKALI METALS 195
      - 1. INTRODUCTION 195
      - 2. THEORY 196
      - 3. NUMERICAL RESULTS 197
      - REFERENCES 198
    - Part IV: Strong-Coupling Theories and Experiments in Specific Geometries 199
      - CHAPTER 20. OBSERVATION OF CORRELATIONS IN FINITE, STRONGLY COUPLED ION PLASMAS 201
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 201
        
        2. CONFINEMENT GEOMETRY 201
        
        3. LASER COOLING AND COMPRESSION 203
        
        4. OBSERVED CORRELATIONS 205
        
        5. ION DIFFUSION 209
        
        REFERENCES 210
        
        ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 210
      - CHAPTER 21. THEORY OF STRONGLY-CORRELATED PURE ION PLASMA IN PENNING TRAPS 213
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 213
        
        2. THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM OF STRONGLY-CORRELATED NONNEUTRAL PLASMAS 214
        
        3. NUMERICAL RESULTS 217
        
        4. SLAB MODEL OF THE BOUNDED COULOMB SYSTEM 221
        
        REFERENCES 224
      - CHAPTER 22. SURFACE PROPERTIES OF THE COULOMB LIQUIDS: FROM THE CLASSICAL ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA TO LIQUID METALS 225
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 225
        
        2. OCP SURFACE 226
        
        3. LIQUID METAL SURFACES 229
        
        4. CONCLUSION 235
        
        REFERENCES 235
      - CHAPTER 23. CLASSICAL CHARGED PARTICLE SYSTEMS WITH INTERFACES 237
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 237
        
        2. SHELL STRUCTURE OF CHARGES UNDER AXIALLY SYMMETRIC CONFINEMENT 238
        
        3. ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONFINEMENT 243
        
        4. THREE-DIMENSIONAL OCP LATTICE AS COLLECTION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL OCP LATTICES 246
        
        5. CONCLUSION 248
        
        ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 248
        
        REFERENCES 248
      - CHAPTER 24. SURFACE CORRELATIONS IN CLASSICAL FINITE COULOMB SYSTEMS 249
        
        1. Introduction 249
        
        2. Statement of the problem 252
        
        3. Debye-Hückel approximation 256
        
        REFERENCES. 259
      - CHAPTER 25. PATTERN FORMATION PROCESSES IN BINARY MIXTURES WITH SURFACTANTS 261
        
        1 . INTRODUCTION 261
        
        2. MODEL SYSTEM 261
        
        3. COMPUTER EXPERIMENT 263
        
        4. CONCLUSION 263
        
        REFERENCES 264
        
        ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 264
      - Part V: Charged Particles in Lower Dimensions and/or in Magnetic Fields 265
        
        CHAPTER 26. EXCITATIONS IN CONDUCTING POLYMERS 267
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 267
        
        2. SOLITON, POLARON, AND MODELS 268
        
        3. PHONONS AROUND THE SOLITON OR THE POLARON 270
        
        4. ELECTRON INTERACTIONS 272
        
        5. PHOTO-INDUCED ABSORPTION 274
        
        6. PHOTO-INDUCED RAMAN SCATTERING 275
        
        7. A RAMAN EXPERIMENT USING MISFET 276
        
        8. CONCLUSIONS 277
        
        ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 277
        
        REFERENCES 278
        
        CHAPTER 27. DOPING DISORDER AND BAND STRUCTURES IN CONJUGATED POLYMERS 279
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 279
        
        3. ORDER PARAMETER, IMPURITY BANDS, AND PHASE DIAGRAMS 280
        
        2. COHERENT POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION 280
        
        REFERENCES 282
        
        4. CONCLUSIONS 282
        
        CHAPTER 28. STRONGLY COUPLED ONE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM AND THE POLYMER 283
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 283
        
        2. DISPUTE 284
        
        3. CORRELATED BASIS FUNCTIONS (CBF) THEORY 284
        
        4. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 285
        
        ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 286
        
        REFERENCES 286
        
        CHAPTER 29. MANY-BODY EFFECTS IN QUANTUM WELLS 287
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 287
        
        2. OPTICAL PROPERTIES 288
        
        3. MAGNETIC OSCILLATION 290
        
        4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 296
        
        REFERENCES 296
        
        CHAPTER 30. STRONGLY CORRELATED TWO DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONS FORMED ON DIELECTRIC MATERIALS 299
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 299
        
        2. BASIC ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES 300
        
        3. ELECTRON MOBILITY 301
        
        4. EFFECT OF ELECTRON CORRELATION IN THE INTERMEDIATE г REGION 302
        
        5 ELECTRON CRYSTAL 305
        
        6. CONCLUSION 307
        
        REFERENCES 308
        
        CHAPTER 31. TWO-DIMENSIONAL COULOMB SYSTEMS : SOLVABLE MODELS AT г = 2 309
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 309
        
        2. TWO-COMPONENT PLASMA 310
        
        3. ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA REVISITED 317
        
        REFERENCES 320
        
        4. CONCLUSION 320
        
        CHAPTER 32. APPROXIMATE THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS FOR THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL TWO-COMPONENT COULOMB GAS 321
        
        1. Introduction 321
        
        2. Numerical computation of the configuration integral 322
        
        4. Derivatives of the configuration integral for 7 = 0 and 7 = 2. 323
        
        3. Approximate thermodynamic functions 323
        
        5. Perspectives. 324
        
        REFERENCES. 324
        
        CHAPTER 33. STRONGLY COUPLED 2D OCP IN A MAGNETIC FIELD 325
        
        1. ELECTROSTATIC ANALOGUE 325
        
        2. COULOMB EFFECTS IN MAGNETIC FIELD 327
        
        3. DYNAMICAL CONDUCTIVITY 329
        
        4. FRACTIONAL QUANTIZED HALL EFFECT 330
        
        5. CONCLUDING REMARKS 335
        
        REFERENCES 336
        
        CHAPTER 34. COLLISIONAL RELAXATION OF A STRONGLY MAGNETIZED PURE ELECTRON PLASMA (THEORY AND EXPERIMENT) 337
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 337
        
        2. BINARY INTERACTION 338
        
        3. CALCULATION OF THE EQUIPARTITION RATE 340
        
        4. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION 344
        
        V. EXPERIMENT 346
        
        REFERENCES 348
        
        CHAPTER 35. LONGTIME TAILS OF TIME CORRELATION FUNCTIONS FOR AN IONIC MIXTURE IN A MAGNETIC FIELD AND THE VALIDITY OF MAGNETOHYD 349
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 349
        
        2. MODE SPECTRUM OF AN IONIC MIXTURE 349
        
        3. LONG-TIME TAILS OF TIME CORRELATION FUNCTIONS 351
        
        REFERENCES 352
        
        Part VI: Quantum Electron Liquids in Strong Coupling 353
        
        CHAPTER 36. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY OF SUPERCONDUCTORS REGARDED AS TWO-COMPONENT PLASMAS 355
        
        1. BASIC DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY 355
        
        2. GENERALIZATIONS 356
        
        3. SUPERCONDUCTORS 357
        
        REFERENCES 359
        
        CHAPTER 37. GREEN'S FUNCTION AND DYNAMIC CORRELATIONS OF ELECTRONS IN METALS 361
        
        1. FUNCTIONAL DERIVATIVES 361
        
        2. CONVOLUTION APPROXIMATION AND DYNAMIC HYPERNETTED-CHAIN SCHEME 362
        
        3. SUM RULES AND ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR FOR THE DIELECTRIC FUNCTION AND VERTEX CORRECTION 364
        
        CHAPTER 38. VARIATIONAL THEORY OF ELECTRON LIQUID 365
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 365
        
        2. EPX METHOD 368
        
        3. NUMERICAL RESULTS 370
        
        4. FUTURE PROSPECTS 374
        
        ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 375
        
        REFERENCES 375
        
        CHAPTER 39. LANDAU INTERACTION FUNCTION AND EFFECTIVE MASS OF AN ELECTRON LIQUID 377
        
        REFERENCES 380
        
        CHAPTER 40. RPA, VERTEX CORRECTION AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELS 381
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 381
        
        2. SELF-CONSISTENCY EQUATIONS 381
        
        3. VERTEX CORRECTION IN THE HUBBARD MODEL 383
        
        4. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE CuO2 PLANE 383
        
        REFERENCES 384
        
        CHAPTER 41. ABSENCE OF EXPONENTIAL SCREENING IN QUANTUM MECHANICAL PLASMAS 385
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 385
        
        2. SEMI-CLASSICAL EXPANSIONS 386
        
        3. THE HYDROGEN ATOM IN A CLASSICAL PLASMA 387
        
        REFERENCES 389
        
        Part VII: Metallic Systems 391
        
        CHAPTER 42. NATURE OF PHONONS, ISOTOPE EFFECT, AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN Ba1-xKxBiO3 393
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 393
        
        2. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION 395
        
        3. PHONON DENSITY OF STATES 397
        
        4. ELECTRON TUNNELING 401
        
        5. ISOTOPE EFFECT DUE TO 16O TO 18O SUBSTITUTION 402
        
        6. CONCLUSIONS 403
        
        REFERENCES 404
        
        CHAPTER 43. MICROSCOPIC DERIVATION OF LANDAU-GINZBURG FREE ENERGY FOR AN IONELECTRON TWO-COMPONENT PLASMA 405
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 405
        
        2. GENERAL FORMULATION 406
        
        3. ADIABATIC APPROXIMATION 407
        
        4. DISCUSSIONS 408
        
        REFERENCES 408
        
        CHAPTER 44. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF A LIQUID METAL USING A SOFT-SPHERE REFERENCE SYSTEM 409
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 409
        
        2. THE GB METHOD AND SOFT-SPHERE REFERENCE FLUIDS 409
        
        3. RESULTS FOR Na AND Al 410
        
        4. CONCLUSIONS 412
        
        REFERENCES 412
        
        CHAPTER 45. ELECTRON-ION STRONG COUPLING EFFECTS IN DENSE HYDROGEN PLASMAS I. EQUATION OF STATE AND ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY 413
        
        REFERENCES 416
        
        CHAPTER 46. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL APPROACH TO PARTICLE CORRELATIONS AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE IN DENSE PLASMAS 417
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 417
        
        2. THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL MODEL 417
        
        3. THE PSEUDOPOTENTIALS 422
        
        4. SIMPLIFIED DENSITY FUNCTIONAL MODELS 423
        
        5. CORRELATIONS IN IMPURITY PLASMAS 423
        
        6. TREATMENT OF ION-CONFIGURATION EFFECTS 426
        
        7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 427
        
        REFERENCES 427
        
        CHAPTER 47. EFFECT OF THE ELECTRON-ION CORRELATION POTENTIALS ON THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS IN DENSE H AND He PLASMAS 429
        
        1. INTRODUCTION 429
        
        2. THE e-i CORRELATION IN DFT 429

Proceedings of Yamada Conference XXIV on Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics, Lake Yamanaka, Japan, August 29—September 2, 1989

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