The Alkaloids

Opis

The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology, Volume I deals with the chemistry and pharmacology of the alkaloids.

This book discusses the sources of alkaloids and their isolation, alkaloids in grafts, position in nitrogen metabolism, and factors affecting alkaloid formation. The structure of the necic acids, common sources of different senecio alkaloids, alkaloids of hemlock, and chemistry of the tropane alkaloids are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the elucidation of the structure of strychnine and brucine; consequences of alkaloid formation; and structure of the alkaloids.

This volume is a good source for chemists and researchers interested in the field of alkaloid chemistry.

Spis treści

Front Cover 2
The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology 5
Copyright Page 6
PREFACE 7
Table of Contents 9
CHAPTER I. Sources of Alkaloids and their Isolation 11
- I. Natural Occurrence 11
- II. Distribution in the Plant 17
- III. Isolation 18
- IV. Separation and Purification 21
CHAPTER II. Alkaloids in the Plant 25
- I. Introduction 26
- II. Distribution 27
- III. Ontogeny 37
- IV. Alkaloids in Grafts 54

Front Cover 2
The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology 5
Copyright Page 6
PREFACE 7
Table of Contents 9
CHAPTER I. Sources of Alkaloids and their Isolation 11
- I. Natural Occurrence 11
- II. Distribution in the Plant 17
- III. Isolation 18
- IV. Separation and Purification 21
CHAPTER II. Alkaloids in the Plant 25
- I. Introduction 26
- II. Distribution 27
- III. Ontogeny 37
- IV. Alkaloids in Grafts 54
- V. Translocation 58
- VI. The Site of Formation 60
- VII. Position in Nitrogen Metabolism 62
- VIII. Biosynthesis 66
- IX. Factors Affecting Alkaloid Formation 78
- X. Metabolic Status 91
- XI. Consequences of Alkaloid Formation 93
- REFERENCES 96
CHAPTER III. The Pyrrolidine Alkaloids 101
- I. The Simple Bases 101
- II. Hygrine 102
- III. Hygroline 104
- IV. Cuscohygrine 105
- V. Carpaine 108
- VI. Stachydrine 111
- VII· Betonicine, Turicine and 4-Hydroxyhygrinic Acid 113
- REFERENCES 114
CHAPTER IV. Senecio Alkaloids 117
- I. Occurrence and Constitution 118
- II. Extractive and Degradative Procedure 126
- III. Structure of the Necines 128
- IV. Structure of the Necic Acids 148
- V. Structure of the Alkaloids 161
- VI. COMMON SOURCES OF DIFFERENT SENECIO ALKALOIDS 170
- REFERENCES 172
CHAPTER V. The Pyridine Alkaloids 175
- I. Introduction 177
- II. The Pepper Alkaloids 178
- III. The Alkaloids of Areca Nut 181
- IV· Trigonelline 186
- V. The Alkaloids of the Pomegranate Root Bark 186
- VI. Lobelia Alkaloids 199
- VII. The Ricinus Alkaloid 216
- VIII. Leucaenine 219
- IX. The Alkaloids of Hemlock 221
- X. The Tobacco Alkaloids 238
- XI. Tobacco Smoke Alkaloids 263
- XII. Ammodendrine 266
- REFERENCES 268
CHAPTER VI. The Chemistry of the Tropane Alkaloids 281
- I. Introduction 282
- II. Identification and Separation 283
- III. l-Hyoscyamine a n d Atropine 284
- IV. Cocaine 304
- V. l-Scopolamine or l-Hyoscine 312
- VI. Dioscorine 319
- VII. Minor Alkaloids 322
- VIII. Table of Physical Constants 325
- REFERENCES 379
CHAPTER VII. The Strychnos Alkaloids 385
- I. Isolation and Color Reactions 386
- II. Elucidation of the Structure of Strychnine and Brucine 387
- III. Cacotheline 430
- IV. Vomicine 435
- V. Tables o f Physical Constants 447
- REFERENCES 504
Author Index 511
Subject Index 526

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