Life-Cycle Cost Models for Green Buildings

Description

Life-Cycle Cost Models for Green Buildings: With Optimal Green Star Credits illustrates the tools and methods for developing a life-cycle cost model that incorporates developer constraints while maximizing the number of credit points achieved. The book identifies the interdependencies among various credits in the Green Star environmental rating system. Afterwards, life-cycle cost is calculated by considering six main central business districts (CBDs) of Australia. The net present value (NPV) technique is used to calculate life-cycle costs. Further, a sensitivity analysis is also carried out for selected credits to identify the changes to life-cycle cost to the changes in discount rate.

Once all the life-cycle cost data is calculated, this book illustrates the development of the proposed model using a Java application which allows users to evaluate each key criterion of green buildings separately. The book is designed to provide ample knowledge of the various options available to get green building certification and the further implications in-terms of life-cycle.

Provides cost saving and management advice for keeping a green building project operating on time and budget throughout their life-cycle
Expertly explains the various options available for gaining green building certification
Allows users to build life-cycle cost models which is unique to the project at hand

Front Cover 2
Life-Cycle Cost Models for Green Buildings: With Optimal Green Star Credits 5
Copyright 6
Contents 7
List of figures 9
List of tables 11
List of equations 13
Abstract 15
Acknowledgment 17
List of abbreviations 19
Chapter 1 Introduction 21
- 1.1 Background 21
- 1.2 Aim and objectives 24
- 1.3 Significance of the research study 25
- 1.4 Research methodologies 26

Front Cover 2
Life-Cycle Cost Models for Green Buildings: With Optimal Green Star Credits 5
Copyright 6
Contents 7
List of figures 9
List of tables 11
List of equations 13
Abstract 15
Acknowledgment 17
List of abbreviations 19
Chapter 1 Introduction 21
- 1.1 Background 21
- 1.2 Aim and objectives 24
- 1.3 Significance of the research study 25
- 1.4 Research methodologies 26
- 1.5 Scope of the research 28
- 1.6 Structure of the book 28
- References 29
Chapter 2 Sustainable development and green buildings 33
- 2.2 Sustainable development 33
- 2.1 Introduction 33
- 2.3 Sustainable development in construction 38
- 2.4 Green buildings 40
  - 2.4.1 Green building rating tools 44
  - 2.4.2 Green Star rating tool 53
- 2.5 Triple bottom-line in green building certification 55
- 2.6 Summary 57
- References 59
Chapter 3 Cost considerations of green buildings 65
- 3.1 Introduction 65
- 3.2 Initial cost premium of green buildings 65
- 3.3 Life-cycle cost for green buildings 68
- 3.4 Life-cycle cost models developed for green buildings 71
- 3.5 Summary 74
- References 75
Chapter 4 Green Star Australia credit classification 79
- 4.1 Introduction 79
- 4.2 Methodology for credit classification 80
- 4.3 Green star criteria, credits, and credit points 80
  - 4.3.1 Conditional credits 81
  - 4.3.2 Additional points 82
  - 4.3.3 Different pathways to achieve credits 83
  - 4.3.4 Different options for various types of systems 87
  - 4.3.6 Credits linked to another assessment tool 88
  - 4.3.5 Credits based on the type of building 88
  - 4.3.7 Credits with choices 89
  - 4.3.8 Credits eliminated 89
- 4.4 Dependencies among credits 93
- Reference 101
- 4.5 Summary 101
Chapter 5 Life-cycle cost calculation for each key criterion 103
- 5.2 Methodology for life-cycle cost calculation 103
  - 5.2.1 Determination of initial cost 105
  - 5.2.2 Determination of maintenance, replacement, and other costs 105
  - 5.2.3 Determination of disposal and other related costs 106
- 5.1 Introduction 103
- 5.3 Introduction to life-cycle cost calculation for credits 107
- 5.4 Management key criterion 109
  - 5.4.1 Life-cycle cost for management credits 111
  - 5.4.2 Optimum solutions for management credits 111
- 5.5 IEQ key criterion 113
  - 5.5.1 Life-cycle cost calculation for IEQ credits 116
  - 5.5.2 Optimum solutions for IEQ credits 116
  - 5.5.3 Sensitivity analysis for the IEQ credits 122
- 5.6 Energy key criterion 124
  - 5.6.1 Life-cycle cost for energy credits 125
  - 5.6.2 Optimum solutions for energy credits 125
  - 5.6.3 Sensitivity analysis for energy credits 129
- 5.7 Transport key criterion 130
  - 5.7.1 Optimum solutions for transport credits 130
- 5.8 Water key criterion 132
  - 5.8.1 Life-cycle cost calculations for water credits 132
  - 5.8.2 Optimum solutions for water credits 135
  - 5.8.3 Sensitivity analysis for water credits 136
- 5.9 Material key criterion 137
  - 5.9.1 Optimum solutions for material credits 140
- 5.10 Land use and ecology key criterion 141
  - 5.10.1 Optimum solutions for land use and ecology credits 143
- 5.11 Emissions key criterion 144
  - 5.11.1 Life-cycle cost for emissions credits 145
  - 5.11.2 Optimum solutions for emission credits 145
  - 5.11.3 Sensitivity analysis for emissions credits 146
- 5.12 Summary 146
- References 149
Chapter 6 Life-cycle cost model development 151
- 6.1 Introduction 151
- 6.2 Introduction to the life-cycle cost model 151
- 6.3 User inputs to the life-cycle cost model 152
  - 6.3.2 Identification of user inputs/constraints required for the model 153
  - 6.3.1 Identification of user information required for the model 153
  - 6.3.3 Exclusions, dependencies and selections based on user inputs 156
- 6.4 Life-cycle cost model development 162
  - 6.4.1 User guide to the proposed life-cycle cost model 164
- 6.5 Changes to the cost model considering widely used international green building rating tools 168
- References 169
- 6.6 Summary 169
Chapter 7 Life-cycle cost model validation 171
- 7.1 Introduction 171
- 7.2 Validation of costs 171
- 7.3 Validation of credit selection 173
  - 7.3.1 Case study A—City central tower of South Australia 175
  - 7.3.2 Case study B—CH2 building in Melbourne 176
  - 7.3.3 Case study C—Workplace6 in Sydney 177
  - 7.3.4 Case study D—The Bishops see south tower in Perth 179
  - 7.3.6 Discussion on credit selection for case studies 180
  - 7.3.5 User inputs for each case study 180
- 7.4 Summary 185
- References 186
Chapter 8 Conclusion 187
- 8.1 Introduction 187
- 8.2 Conclusions of the study 187
- 8.3 Recommendations to the green building industry 194
- 8.5 Future research directions 196
- 8.4 Limitations of the study 196
- References 198
Index 199
Back Cover 203

Author's affiliation

I.M. Chethana S. Illankoon: Associate Lecturer, School of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
Vivian W. Y. Tam: Professor, School of Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Australia
Khoa N. Le: Senior Lecturer, Head of Program of Engineering, Western Sydney University School of Engineering, Penrith NSW, Australia

With Optimal Green Star Credits

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Author's affiliation