Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying

Description

Air Pollution, Second Edition, Volume II: Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying discusses the cause, effect, transport, measurement, and control of air pollution.
The volume deals with the sampling, analysis, measurement, and monitoring of air pollution. Devices and techniques for determining the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere; analysis of organic and inorganic gaseous pollutants; particulate matter evaluation; and air quality monitoring are tackled as well.
Engineers, physicians, meteorologists, economists, sociologists, agronomists, and toxicologists will find the book a valuable reference material.

Front Cover 2
Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying 5
Copyright Page 6
Dedication 7
List of Contributors 9
Preface 11
Table of Contents 13
Part IV: ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANTS 23
- Chapter 16. Air Sampling and Quantity Measurement 25
  - I. General Sampling Considerations 25
  - II. Sampling Aerosol Contaminants 46
  - III. Sampling Gaseous Contaminants 56
  - IV. Simplified Techniques 66
  - V. Recording Instrumentation 71

Front Cover 2
Analysis, Monitoring, and Surveying 5
Copyright Page 6
Dedication 7
List of Contributors 9
Preface 11
Table of Contents 13
Part IV: ANALYSIS OF POLLUTANTS 23
- Chapter 16. Air Sampling and Quantity Measurement 25
  - I. General Sampling Considerations 25
  - II. Sampling Aerosol Contaminants 46
  - III. Sampling Gaseous Contaminants 56
  - IV. Simplified Techniques 66
  - V. Recording Instrumentation 71
  - References 73
- Chapter 17. Analysis of Inorganic Gaseous Pollutants 75
  - I. Introduction 76
  - II. Sulfur Dioxide 77
  - III. Sulfuric Acid Mist 98
  - IV. Hydrogen Sulfide—Methylene Blue Method 100
  - V. Nitrogen Dioxide and Nitric Oxide 102
  - VI. Ozone and Oxidants 108
  - VII. Volatile Fluorides and Hydrogen Fluoride 118
  - VIII. Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride 121
  - IX. Hydrogen Cyanide and Cyanides 124
  - X. Ammonia and Ammonium Compounds 126
  - XI. Carbon Monoxide 127
  - XII. Carbon Dioxide 130
  - XIII. Continuous Analysis 131
  - References 133
  - XIV. Conclusion 133
- Chapter 18. Analysis of Organic Gaseous Pollutants 137
  - I. Total Analysis for Organic Substances 138
  - II. Analysis of Hydrocarbons 142
  - III. Analysis of Aliphatic Oxygenated Compounds 152
  - IV. Analysis of Sulfur-Containing Compounds 158
  - V. Analysis of Halogenated Compounds 159
  - VI. Analysis of Aliphatic Nitrogen Compounds 161
  - References 163
- Chapter 19. Chemical Analysis of Inorganic Particulate Pollutants 169
  - I. Introduction 169
  - II. Dustfall and Sootfall 170
  - III. Airborne Particulates 173
  - IV. Conclusion 204
  - References 205
- Chapter 20. Chemical Analysis and Carcinogenic Bioassays of Organic Particulate Pollutants 209
  - I. Introduction 209
  - II. Fractionation 211
  - III. Neutral Fraction 213
  - IV. Acidic Fraction 243
  - V. Basic Fraction 245
  - VI. Bioassay 247
  - VII. Postscript 264
  - References 264
- Chapter 21. Analysis of Number and Size of Particulate Pollutants 271
  - I. Introduction 271
  - II. Principal Methods of Sample Collection for Determination of Number and Size of Particulate Pollutants 272
  - III. Techniques of Counting 275
  - IV. Particle Size Analysis 283
  - References 301
- Chapter 22. Morphological Analysis of Particulate Pollutants 303
  - I. Introduction 303
  - II. Collecting Particles 306
  - III. Mounting Particles for Microscopical Examination 307
  - IV. Morphological Analysis 308
  - V. Identification of Particles 313
  - VI. Discussion of Color Plates 319
  - References 331
- Part V: AIR QUALITY AND METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING 333
  - Chapter 23. Odor and Its Measurement 335
    - I. Introduction 335
    - II. Classification of Odor Measurement Problems 336
    - III. Methods of Describing Odor 338
    - IV. Units of Measurement—The Odor Unit 340
    - V. Techniques of Odor Measurement by Dilution 341
    - VI. Ambient Odors 350
    - VII. Examples of Application of Odor Measurement Results 351
    - VIII. Odor Threshold Data 354
    - References 356
  - Chapter 24. Meteorological Measurements 359
    - I. Introduction 359
    - II. Primary Meteorological Measurements 360
    - III. Secondary Meteorological Measurements 382
    - IV. Instrument Siting, Mounting, and Protection 393
    - V. Processing of Meteorological Measurements 402
    - VI. Quality Control of Meteorological Measurements 409
    - VII. Instrument Requirements 413
    - References 417
  - Chapter 25. Monitoring Airborne Radioactivity 423
    - I. Distinctive Features of Radioactive Materials from the Standpoint of Air Sampling 423
    - II. Purposes of Air Monitoring 425
    - III. Radioactive Particulate Sampling and Quantitation 426
    - IV. Radioactive Gas Sampling and Quantitation 439
    - V. Survey Techniques 448
    - VI. Particle Size Analysis 449
    - VIII. Measurement of Radioactivity as an Aid in Air Pollution Studies 452
    - VII. Standards 452
    - References 453
  - Chapter 26. Air Quality Monitoring 455
    - I. Introduction 455
    - II. Basic Considerations 456
    - III. System Design 470
    - IV. System Operation 475
    - V. Data Processing 477
    - VI. Data Interpretation and Evaluation 488
    - References 492
  - Chapter 27. Production of Controlled Test Atmospheres 495
    - I. Introduction 495
    - II. System Types 498
    - III. Introduction of Gases and Vapors 504
    - IV. Introduction of Aerosols 509
    - V. Complex Systems 511
    - References 512
  - Part VI: SOURCE MEASUREMENT AND COMMUNITY SURVEY 515
    - Color Plates 17
    - Chapter 28. Source Testing 517
      - I. Introduction 517
      - II. Source Testing Procedures 519
      - III. Tracer Techniques 562
      - Reference 565
    - Chapter 29. Source Monitoring 567
      - I. Source Monitoring 567
      - II. Field Monitoring 570
      - III. Stack Effluent Monitoring 583
      - IV. Monitoring Fuels and Process 586
      - V. Records and Reports 587
      - References 588
      - VI. Summary 588
    - Chapter 30. Source Inspection, Registration, and Approval 591
      - I. Purpose of Source Inspection, Registration, and Approval 591
      - II. Source Inspection 592
      - III. Field Procedures for Source Inspection 602
      - IV. Source Inspection by Owner's Employees or Consultant 614
      - V. Source Registration 617
      - VI. Source Approval 620
      - References 624
    - Chapter 31. The Community Air Pollution Survey 627
      - I. Scope and Objectives of Air Pollution Surveys 627
      - II. Survey Types 628
      - III. The Community Air Pollution Survey 638
      - IV. Air Resources Management Plan 660
      - V. Summary 661
      - References 662
    - Author Index 669
    - Subject Index 688

Air Pollution

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