The Ecology of Social Behavior

Description

The chapters in this book discuss and summarize the ecological factors affecting and effecting the formation of animal social groups and thereby address one of the central issues confronting researchers and students in sociobiology. The objectives are to review what is known about the impact of ecological factors in the formation and maintenance of social groups. Numerous examples have been drawn from a variety of phyla.

Front Cover 2
The Ecology of Social Behavior 5
Copyright Page 6
Table of Contents 7
Preface 11
Part I: Introduction 15
- Chapter 1. Ecological Trade-Offs and Social Behavior 17
  - I. Cost-Benefit Analyses and the Origin and Maintenance of Social Behavior 17
  - II. Ecological Tradeoffs and Social Behavior 20
  - References 23
- Part II: Theory of Ecological Interactions 25
  - Chapter 2. Cooperation, Aggression, and the Evolution of Social Behavior 27
    - I. Introduction 27
    - II. Social Dynamics: a Social Equilibrium Model 30
    - III. Social Dominance 32

Front Cover 2
The Ecology of Social Behavior 5
Copyright Page 6
Table of Contents 7
Preface 11
Part I: Introduction 15
- Chapter 1. Ecological Trade-Offs and Social Behavior 17
  - I. Cost-Benefit Analyses and the Origin and Maintenance of Social Behavior 17
  - II. Ecological Tradeoffs and Social Behavior 20
  - References 23
- Part II: Theory of Ecological Interactions 25
  - Chapter 2. Cooperation, Aggression, and the Evolution of Social Behavior 27
    - I. Introduction 27
    - II. Social Dynamics: a Social Equilibrium Model 30
    - III. Social Dominance 32
    - IV. Dispersal and Reproductive Dominance 33
    - V. Maximum Group Size 34
    - VI. Social Dynamics: a Dynamic Equilibrium Model 35
    - VII. A Game Theoretic Model of Sociality 37
    - VIII. Reproductive Dominance and Reproductive Expectation 41
    - IX. Summary: Social Dynamics and Evolution 42
    - References 44
  - Chapter 3. The Stable Group and the Determinants of Foraging Group Size1 47
    - I. Introoduction 47
    - II. The Stable Group Size Model 49
    - III. Violation of Some of the Major Assumptions 51
    - IV. The Determinants of Foraging Group Size 56
    - V. Conclusions and Summary 62
    - Acknowledgments 64
    - References 64
  - Chapter 4. Monogamy in Relation to Resources1 69
    - I. Introduction 69
    - II. Monogamy Among Select Mammalian Groups 73
    - III. Monogamy Among Fishes 78
    - IV. Disuussion 83
    - V. Summary 87
    - Acknowledgments 89
    - References 89
  - Part III: Ecology of Social Mammals 95
    - Chapter 5. Resources and Group Sizes of Primates1 97
      - I. Introduction 98
      - II. Variation in Group Size Within Populations of Forest Living Primates 99
      - III. Hypotheses About the Adaptive Basis of Variation in Group Sizes 101
      - IV. Subgrouping and Resource Dispersion 108
      - V. Comparison of Grey Gibbons and Bornean Macaques 112
      - VI. A Didactic Discussion and Conclusion 117
      - Acknowledgments 118
      - References 119
    - Chapter 6. Resources, Philopatry, and Social Interactions Among Mammals 123
      - I. Introduction 123
      - II. What Ecological Conditions Favor Philopatry? 125
      - III. Ecological Proconditions for Philopatry: a Case Study 131
      - IV. Conclusions: Implications of Philopatry for the Evolution of Mammalian Sociality 141
      - References 142
    - Chapter 7. Resources and Social organization of Ground-dwelling Squirrels 145
      - I. Introduction 145
      - II. Habitat Quality and Sociality in Marmots 147
      - III. Social Organization, Reproductive Success, and Demography 155
      - IV. Social Systems of the Ground-Dwelling Squirrels 160
      - V. Resource Variability and Social Organization 161
      - VI. Summary: Direct Fitness and Sociability 162
      - References 165
    - Chapter 8. Social Systems, Resources, and Phylogenetic Inertia: an Experimental Test and Its Limitations 171
      - II. Analyses of Social Systems and Some Working Definitions 172
      - I. Introduction 172
      - III. Overview of Ungulate Social Systems and Some Anomalies 175
      - IV. Experimental Ecology and Social Systems 176
      - V. Grouping as Influenced by Resources and Phylogeny 178
      - VI. Year-Round Harems as Influenced by Resources and Phylogeny 180
      - VII. Obligate and Facultative Social Systems in Equids 181
      - VIII. Experimental Analyses of Equid Social Systems 183
      - IX. Inferences About Ecological and Phylogenetic Effects 191
      - X. Summary and Conclusions 193
      - Acknowledgments 194
      - References 194
    - Part IV: Ecology of Social Birds 201
      - Chapter 9. Ideal Free Coloniality in the Swallows 203
        
        I. Introduction 204
        
        II. Studies of Group Living in the Barn Swallow 205
        
        III. Do barn Swallows Aggregate Owing to Shortages of Ideal Habitat? 211
        
        IV. The Evolution of Coloniality in the Swallow Family 224
        
        V. Summary and Conclusions: A Prospective Perspective on the Past 232
        
        References 234
        
        Acknowledgments 234
      - Chapter 10. Territory Quality: Key Determinant of Fitness in the Group-Living Green Woodhoopoe 243
        
        I. Introduction 244
        
        II. The Roost Cavity: A Key Critical Resource 246
        
        III. The Demographic Patterns of Green Woodhoopoes and the Evolution of Reciprocity 253
        
        IV. Territory Quality: Temporal Stability and Persistence of Lineages 254
        
        V. Summary and Conclusions 261
        
        References 265
        
        Acknowledgments 265
      - Chapter 11. Resource and Climatic Variability: Influences on Sociality of Two Southwestern Corvids 269
        
        I. Introduction 269
        
        II. Resource and Climatic Variability in the Southwestern United States 271
        
        III. Resource Variability and the Evolution of Sociality in Two Southwestern Corvids 273
        
        IV. Ecological Correlates of Flock Size, Survivorship, and Breeding Biology in a Flock of Pinyon Jays 277
        
        V. Summary and Conclusions 293
        
        References 295
        
        Acknowledgments 295
      - Chapter 12. Food Sharing in the Raven, Corvus Corax 299
        
        I. Introduction 300
        
        II. Methods 301
        
        III. Results 302
        
        IV. Discussion 312
        
        V. A Potential Scenario 320
        
        VI. Summary 321
        
        Acknowledgments 322
        
        References 322
      - Part V. Ecology of Social Arthropods 327
        
        Chapter 13. Social Competition Under Mandatory Group Life 329
        
        I. Introduction 329
        
        II. Mandatory Group Life and Subordinance 331
        
        III. Dominance When Subordinate Control of Group Fitness is Limited 337
        
        IV. Conclusion: The Plasticity of Subordinance 341
        
        Acknowledgements 342
        
        References 342
        
        Chapter 14. Relationships Between Ecology and Social Behavior in Cockroaches 349
        
        I. Introduction 349
        
        II. Cockroach Socioecology 350
        
        III. Monogamous Territorial Families 358
        
        IV. Social Plasticity 359
        
        V. Conclusions 361
        
        References 363
        
        Chapter 15. Risk Sensitivity And Foraging In Colonial Spiders 367
        
        II. Social Behavior and Foraging 368
        
        I. Introduction 368
        
        III. Social Behavior In Spiders 370
        
        IV. Variation in Group Foraging in Colonial Orb Weavers 375
        
        V. Risk-Sensitivity And The Origin Of Sociality In Spiders 382
        
        VI. Summary 384
        
        Acknowledgments 385
        
        References 385
        
        Chapter 16. Resource Inheritance in Social Evolution From Termites to Man 393
        
        I. Introduction 394
        
        II. Termite Social Evolution 399
        
        III. Other Social Animals 413
        
        IV. Summary 423
        
        References 439
        
        Index 439

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