ABC of Autism

Opis

ABC of Autism provides clinicians and medical students with a succinct, evidence-based overview of the symptoms, evaluation, treatment, and management of autism in both daily practice and for ongoing patient support plans. This accessible and informative guide allows primary healthcare professionals to quickly reference the essential information required for appropriate patient care.

Spis treści

Title Page 4
Copyright Page 7
Contents 8
Contributors 10
Acknowledgements 12
Abbreviations 14
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Autism Munib Haroon 16
- Definition 16
- Aetiology 16
- History 16
- Epidemiology 16
- Management 17
- Clinical features 17
- Prognosis and outcome 17
- Diagnosis 17

Title Page 4
Copyright Page 7
Contents 8
Contributors 10
Acknowledgements 12
Abbreviations 14
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Autism Munib Haroon 16
- Definition 16
- Aetiology 16
- History 16
- Epidemiology 16
- Management 17
- Clinical features 17
- Prognosis and outcome 17
- Diagnosis 17
- Further reading 18
Chapter 2 Classification and Diagnosis Munib Haroon 20
- Current classification schemes 20
  - DSM-5 21
  - ICD-10 21
  - What does a clinician use? DSM or ICD? 21
- Further reading 22
- Asperger’s syndrome 22
- Pathological demand avoidance 22
Chapter 3 The Aetiology of Autism Keri-Michele Lodge 24
- Genetic factors 24
- Environmental factors 25
- Conclusions 25
- Further reading 26
Chapter 4 The Features of Autism in Childhood Munib Haroon 28
- Normal development 28
- Male and female 28
- First concerns 28
- Signs of autism in the pre‐school child 29
- School-aged children 30
- Older adolescents 30
- Further reading 31
Chapter 5 The Assessment and Diagnosis of Autism in Children Munib Haroon 32
- First contact 32
- Specialist assessment 33
  - Assessment by the autism team 33
- Examination 34
- History 34
- Diagnosis 35
- Differential diagnosis and co‐morbid conditions 35
- Biomedical tests 35
- Further reading 36
Chapter 6 Managing Day-to-Day Issues Munib Haroon, Monica Shaha, and Mini G. Pillay 38
- Managing social communication and social interaction difficulties 38
- A framework for addressing behaviour 38
- Stereotypies 38
- Useful general strategies 38
- Obsessions, compulsions and routines 40
- Sensory difficulties 41
- Eating difficulties 41
- Sleep difficulties 41
- Autism and the internet 42
- Further reading 43
Chapter 7 Mental Health in Children With Autism Monica Shaha and Mini G. Pillay 44
- Specific conditions 44
  - Depression and ASD 44
  - ADHD and ASD 45
  - Autism and OCD 45
  - Anxiety and ASD 45
  - Tics in autism 45
- Epidemiology 44
- Assessment – general principles 44
  - When to suspect psychiatric co-morbidity 44
  - Diagnostic overshadowing 44
- Interventions 46
- Primary care and referring to CAMHS 46
- Further reading 47
Chapter 8 School and Autism Munib Haroon 48
- Who can help? 48
- Challenges at school 48
- When a problematic behaviour is identified 49
- Inclusivity, normalisation and setting 50
- Summary 51
- Further reading 51
Chapter 9 Symptoms and Signs in Adult Autism 52
- What does autism look like in adulthood? 52
- Symptoms of autism in adulthood – what to look out for 52
- Summary 55
- Further reading 55
Chapter 10 The Assessment and Diagnosis of Autism in Adults Alison Stansfield 56
- Why is it important that adults with autism, not diagnosed in childhood, access autism assessments as adults? 56
- Diagnostic classification systems and guides for autism 57
- How to diagnose autism in adulthood 57
- Diagnosis in adulthood 57
- Hurdles during assessment 58
- Service Example: Leeds Autism Diagnostic Service (LADS) 58
- Further reading 59
Chapter 11 Autism and Mental Health in Adult Patients Conor Davidson 60
- Assessment of mental state 60
- Other developmental disorders 61
- Anxiety disorders 61
- Transitions 61
- Obsessive compulsive disorder 61
- Depression 62
- Personality disorders 62
- Bipolar affective disorder 62
- Psychotic disorders 62
- Treatment considerations 63
  - Psychological therapy 63
  - Antidepressants 63
  - Social interventions 63
  - Antipsychotics 63
  - Reasonable adjustments 63
- Interface between primary and secondary care 63
- Substance misuse 63
- Further reading 64
- Use of the Mental Health Act 64
Chapter 12 Learning Disabilities and Autism Keri-Michele Lodge, Alwyn Kam, and Alison Stansfield 66
- Aetiology of learning disability and autism 66
- Autism in people with a learning disability 66
- What is a learning disability? 66
- Autism, learning disability and health 66
- Autism, learning disability and behaviour which challenges 68
- Further reading 69
- Psychotropic medication, autism and learning disability 69
Chapter 13 Gender and Autism Alison Stansfield, Padakkara Saju, Isabelle Gately, Kate Cooper, Derek Glidden, and Ruth Bevan 72
- Gender dysphoria – what is it? 72
- Gender identity development and autism – what we know 72
- ‘Trans’: what do you need to know? 72
- Gender dysphoria and autism 73
- Using acceptable language 73
- Mental capacity and gender 74
- Coexistent intellectual disability, autism and gender variance 74
- Further reading 75
Chapter 14 Getting On With Life As an Adult After a Diagnosis Frances Needham 76
- Coping with a diagnosis 76
- Post-diagnostic assessments 76
- Students 76
- Staying safe 77
- Employment 77
- Accommodation 77
- Social activities 77
- Health needs 78
- The environment 78
- Relationships 78
- Coping with sensory needs 78
- Christmas and other special occasions 79
- Predictability 79
- Driving 79
- Communication and social interaction 79
- Further reading 79
Chapter 15 Mortality and Autism Alwyn Kam 80
- Older research studies and mortality 80
- Recent studies on mortality 80
- Sex differences 81
- Life expectancy 81
- Causes of increased mortality in autism 82
- Future directions 83
- Further reading 83
Chapter 16 Interventions for Autism in Children and Adults Munib Haroon 84
- Non-pharmacological interventions in children 84
- High quality interventions 84
- Evidence based medicine 84
- The right medication, at the right time, for the right child, by the right person 85
- Non-pharmacological interventions for adults 85
- Pharmacological interventions in children 85
- Further reading 86
- Pharmacological interventions in adults 86
Index 88
EULA 91

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